The Number Of Slots Per Pole Should Be

uTorrent is undoubtedly the most popular BitTorrent client right now, as it provides the best mix of performance and resource usage, regardless of the Windows version you're currently running.

It depends on the required speed. N (rpm) = (60 x f) / N where:- f = frequency and N = number of pole pairs. The 60 is there to convert from revolutions per second to revolutions per minute as the frequency is in cycles per second. The average slot machine player makes 600 wagers per hour. Compare that with the average of 100 roulette spins per hour or 200 blackjack hands per hour. (And those numbers are the average for a player with no other players at the table—if other players are at the table, the number of bets per hour can drop by 70% or more.).

While the standard settings should be enough for the average Joe who wants nothing more than to download files through the BitTorrent protocol on a regular basis, there are a few untold tricks that could significantly increase download speed or decrease system load.

There’s one major thing to take into consideration before jumping directly into the configuration tricks we've told you about. You're highly recommended to use uTorrent with an Ethernet cable connection, as Wi-Fi will most likely lead to huge latency and limited bandwidth whenever it comes to high-speed downloads via the BitTorrent protocol.

Assuming that you've already installed uTorrent, here’s what you need to do:

First of all, click on “Options” and hit the “Preferences” entry. Open the “General” tab and go over to the “When Downloading” section at the bottom of the screen.

Make sure that all these three options are checked, as they could have a significant impact on the overall download speed.

Probably the biggest problem when it comes to uTorrent downloads is the high CPU or HDD usage, which basically makes the computer unusable. It’s the same old problem that we've seen in other software solutions, but fortunately, there’s a workaround when it comes to uTorrent.

In case you've noticed an unusually high HDD usage, you’re strongly recommended to limit the upload bandwidth, the overall number of upload slots per torrent and the number of active torrents.

It’s all because the HDD struggles to deal with an overwhelming number of random read/write operations, so computer performance is affected as you increase the number of torrents.

A dedicated HDD with 7200 rpm and 64Mb of cache could really lend you a hand when trying to deal with this issue, especially in case there are multiple active torrents at the same time; SSD is ideal!

All these performance issues are most often caused by the big number of incoming connections to your computer, as some of them are still pending and could even kill an usual router, if there’s one, and affect connection speed for all the other users.

Just make sure you have a look in the “Bandwidth” tab to look for dedicated settings in this regard.

The maximum upload rate is the overall bandwidth you wish to use for active torrent uploads. You can find your real upload speed with a test on Speedtest.netInput a lower value that the maximum upload speed.

If you're using a Wifi connection, it’s recommended to use a maximum of 2000-3000 kb/s (depending on your WIFI configuration).

The number of connections is the most essential part of the entire optimization process, as it controls the global maximum number of connections, the maximum number of connected peers per torrent and the number of upload slots per torrent. Power users are recommended to use a 200/50/4 configuration for around 4 or 5 active torrents (which can be further configured from the “Queueing” tab).

All these settings require you to close and re-launch uTorrent in order to come into effect, but in case performance is still sluggish, simply adjust these values to test different configurations.

In case your network relies on a DD-WRT/Tomato/OpenWRT etc firmware-based router, this can be configured to automatically control the active connection count.A 200 connection/120s/60s configuration should provide the best results for Tomato.

For DD-WRT firmware, go to Administration - Management - IP Filter Settings (adjust these for P2P) and select

TCP Congestion Control - Vegas.

Use Maximum Ports: 500, TCP/UTP Timeout (in seconds): 100.

On the other hand, if you're using any type of router, port forwarding should help you a lot. This depends on your router model, so have a look in its configuration screen to set up this feature.

Now go over to the “Connections” tab for some additional tech playing. Simply input any port you wish to use (make sure the “Randomize port each start” option is disabled!) and use the same port for your router forwarding options for both UDP and TCP connections.

For the Port Forwarding to work, the computer that is running uTorrent, must have a fixed IP. This can be configured from the LAN - DHCP section of your router.

Last but not least, don't forget that anti-virus software could slow down your BitTorrent downloads a lot. Firewalls and other security applications may also limit your download speed, so in case you're currently running such software, make sure you disable them or set up special rules for uTorrent.

What is the maximum number of circuit breakers allowed in an electric panel?

Saturday, June 16, 2018

Not What It Used To Be

The answer to this question was once very simple. The National Electrical Code (NEC) specified that a lighting and appliance branch circuit panelboard could not contain more than 42 overcurrent devices (circuit breakers). That was the absolute maximum, unless the manufacturer specified a lower number, which was often the case for smaller panel boxes.

But the 2008 edition of the NEC deleted the maximum number and the new standard became whatever the manufacturer specifies. That number can be found in the fine print of the data plate on the inside of the panel door and is often near the schematic diagram. Some panels only allow one breaker per slot, while others allow some or all of the slots to accept a tandem breaker, which fits two breakers in one slot. So a “20/30” panel, for example, has 20 slots, but will accept up to 30 circuits, allowing up to half of the slots to be tandems.

CTL Breakers Also Important

The NEC has had an additional requirement since 1965 that “a panelboard shall be provided with a physical means to prevent the installation of more overcurrent devices that than that number for which the panelboard was designed, rated, and listed.” This is known as Circuit Total Limitation panel or “CTL.” Unfortunately, non-CTL breakers are still manufactured for repair of pre-1965 panels, and are sometimes used in newer panels to get around this limitation. They lack the “rejection” feature that keeps CTL-breakers from being installed improperly. Both CTL and non-CTL breakers are clearly marked, although in very fine print, on the side of the breaker.

Maximum Amps Per Stab

One additional limitation for the breakers in a panel is the “maximum amps per stab” that a manufacturer allows. A stab is another name for a bus bar finger. Panels have half as many stabs as total breaker slots, so a panel with forty slots has twenty stabs, and a typical 150-amp rated panel requires that the sum of the amperages of both the breakers on one bus bar finger not exceed 200 amps. So this means you cannot have two breakers side-by-side with a total amp rating that exceeds 200 amps. This maximum is also listed in the data plate, which may also list limits on the number, rating, or arrangement of the breakers in the panel. To learn more, see our blog post What is a 'bus stab' in an electric panel?

So the short answer to the maximum number of breakers question is 42 for pre-2008 panels, and whatever the manufacturer specifies for newer panels—while not exceeding the maximum amps per stab or using non-CTL breakers in a CTL panel.

Also, see our blog posts Should I buy a house near a high-voltage power line? and What causes copper wires to turn green or black in an electric panel? and Can you add circuit breakers by different manufacturers to an electric panel if they fit?

• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

Here’s links to a collection of our other blog posts about ELECTRIC PANELS:

• My circuit breaker won't reset. What's wrong?

• What is a split bus electric panel?

• What is the maximum number of circuit breakers allowed in an electric panel?

• When should a corroded or damaged electric panel cabinet or disconnect box be replaced?

• What is a tandem circuit breaker?

• When did arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI) breakers first become required?

• Can an electric panel be located in a closet?

• Can an electric panel be located in a bathroom?

• How do I identify a combination AFCI (CAFCI) circuit breaker?

• What does a circuit breaker with a yellow or white test button indicate?

• What is the maximum gap allowed between the front of a recessed electric panel box and the wall surface surrounding it?

• What are the requirements for NM-cables entering an electric panel box?

• Why is a fuse box/panel an insurance problem for homebuyers?

• Why is bundled wiring in an electric panel a defect?

• What is the difference between GFCI and AFCI circuit breakers?

• Why are old electrical components not always 'grandfathered' as acceptable by home inspectors?

• What happens when you press the 'TEST' button on a circuit breaker in an electric panel?

• What is a Dual Function Circuit Interrupter (DFCI)?

• What is the difference between a Combination Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (CAFCI) and an Arc Fault Circuit Interrupter (AFCI) circuit breaker?

• What is the difference between 'grounded' and 'grounding' electrical conductors?

• What does it mean when a wire is 'overstripped' at a circuit breaker?

• Why is an old fuse panel dangerous?

• Who is the manufacturer of those 'bad' electric panels?

The Number Of Slots Per Pole Should Beams

• Why is the circuit breaker stuck in the middle?

• What is a double tap at a circuit breaker?

• What is the right electric wire size for a circuit breaker in an electric panel?

The Number Of Slots Per Pole Should Bet

• What is the life expectancy of a circuit breaker?

• My circuit breaker won't reset. What's wrong?

• Why do some breakers in my electric panel have a 'TEST' button on them?

• What is the right size electric panel for a house?

• What do I need to know about buying a whole house surge protector?

• What is the maximum allowed height of a circuit breaker (OCPD) above the floor?

• What is the maximum height you can mount an electric panel above the floor?

• What is the code required clearance in front of an electric panel?

• What is the main bonding jumper and where do it find it in an electric panel?

Visit our ELECTRIC PANELS page for other related blog posts on this subject, or go to the INDEX for a complete listing of all our articles.

The Number Of Slots Per Pole Should Be Paid

How To Look At A House

McGarry and Madsen's home inspection blog for buyers of

site-built, mobile/manfuactured and modular homes

Click Below

for Links

For A 5 Kw Dc Motor The Number Of Slots Per Pole Should Be

to Collections

of Blog Posts

by Subject

Top 5 results given instantly.

Click on magnifying glass

for all search results.